
24.7.09
3.5.09
15.3.09
2.2.09
THE DOT AND THE LINE
This is the anguished tale of a sensible straight line who falls in love with a dot. The dot, however, finding the line stiff, dull, and conventional, turns her affections toward a wild and unkempt squiggle. Though dejected, the line was not without determination, and, after much concentration, managed to bend himself, giving rise to shapes so complex he had to letter his sides and angles to keep his place. Before long he was able to express himself in any shape he wished, from helices to spider webs to Paul Klee's little jester. Overwhelmed by the line's geometric contortionistic prowess, the dot realized that what she had seen in the squiggle to be freedom and joy was nothing more than chaos and sloth. Thence, the line and the dot lived "if not happily ever after, at least reasonably so." The story ends with a punning moral: "To the vector belong the spoils."
The story, in Juster's words, "is a romance destined to take its place among the immortal works of our literature. But is it merely a poignant and exquisite evocation of an eternal theme? A sensitive, soul-searching examination of an essential problem? Or is it rather, in these uncertain times when man stands alienated from the very meaning of life itself, more like a beacon—a shaft of light illuminating a path to some higher understanding? We doubt it."
1.2.09
28.1.09
AS GAVETAS DO TEMPO
O tempo, em seu trabalho intestino
comete os vestígios de Deus.
Héber Sales
comete os vestígios de Deus.
Héber Sales
Era ainda a fase hieróglifa da linguagem. Mirante era o colo de Maria. Mais das vezes via tudo era de embaixo, altura de seus quadris. Viver era um ludo.
Lembro o cheiro amarelo forte: o apuro da árvore era a fruta. Serigüela tem muito bicho, dizia minha avó. E eu pensava nas vidinhas emboladas ramerrando naqueles orbes. O quintal era o universo. Galáxias de limões, pitangas, jabuticabas. O todo meu.
Eu bem achava que quem mandava florescer era eu. Quem pedia mais de um isso, mais de um aquilo, era eu. Verdade é que sempre dava muito e Maria ralhava. "É seu poder não, menina, vem de Deus." E eu perguntava quem era Deus. E ela maravilhava os olhos, mas falava coisas que eu não entendia, ilustrava com palavras o que eu não conhecia. Na metade eu não ouvia, ficava olhando a cara dela brilhar, mais um orbe.
O tempo, esse senhor saturno, não tem dois caminhos, ele corre só pra frente. E vó mudou de estrada pra mais longe, na Bahia. Eu peguei estrada pro mais aqui, nos distantes. (Eu peguei estrada tantas vezes antes de aqui, tantos escambos de certo por duvidoso. Anjo me disse: "vai, ser forasteira na vida". E eu vim.)
Vezes no tempo, o oco da solidão força a gente pro chão: as raízes. Em conversas com Anaké - que disse que eu fosse, que me esperava - resolvi ir ter com a minha avó. E D. Ivany me deu um presente de tempo - porque um bordado não é um bordado, é o tempo. E disse assim, vem comigo. E eu a segui.
Passamos pela sala da entrada, passamos pelo portão de saída, ganhamos a rua de pedra e poeira branca, e ela tirou uma chavezinha da mão, como um melquíades tira flor do bolso, o sorriso colorindo, olho de vó fecha quando se ri. Abriu o portão preto, que rangeu choroso, e disse: É sua, a árvore. Serigüelas.
E foi como o princípio. As orbes maduras, o vento rodopiando o cheiro. E maravilhei meus olhos, lembrados de Maria. E compreendi seus desenhos de verbo. Pela primeira vez eu compreendi.
E pensei em Deus e seus brinquedos. E pensei no tempo, que no seu caminhar deixa gavetas que só se abrem com a chave da lembrança. E pensei que Um é o outro.
O senhor veja, minha avó comprou uma casa pra me dar uma árvore. E decifro que me devolveu foi a meninice, à meninice. E me ofereceu - assim como quem dá um doce besta, uma mariola - uma sabedoria: o entendimento de que nas gavetas do tempo é preciso guardar o feliz dos gostos.
E eu disse: amém.
***
Texto meu, com tema que o Héber deu, que saiu também aqui.
27.1.09
Uma vez na Alemanha
Estando só e carente
me apaixonei por um pôster
que via diariamente.
Loira mulher sorridente
de maiô, doirada e quente,
e eu ali, ao léu, no frio
passando na sua frente. [...]
Eis quando
tudo muda de repente:
me tiraram o cartaz da rua.
Querem que eu ame agora
um anuncio de detergente.
Affonso Romano de Sant’anna.
Estando só e carente
me apaixonei por um pôster
que via diariamente.
Loira mulher sorridente
de maiô, doirada e quente,
e eu ali, ao léu, no frio
passando na sua frente. [...]
Eis quando
tudo muda de repente:
me tiraram o cartaz da rua.
Querem que eu ame agora
um anuncio de detergente.
Affonso Romano de Sant’anna.
16.1.09
Sempre que se começa a ter amor a alguém, no ramerrão, o amor pega e cresce é porque, de certo jeito, a gente quer que isso seja, e vai, na idéia, querendo e ajudando, mas quando é destino dado, maior que o miúdo, a gente ama inteiriço fatal, carecendo de querer, e é um só facear com as surpresas. Amor desse, cresce primeiro; brota é depois.
G. Rosa
G. Rosa
13.1.09
LE FEU FOLLET
Sabia que tinha alguma coisa fora do lugar em mim. Eu era uma soma de todos os erros: bebia, era preguiçoso, não tinha um deus, idéias, ideais, nem me preocupava com política. Eu estava ancorado no nada, uma espécie de não-ser. E aceitava isso. Eu estava longe de ser uma pessoa interessante. Não queria ser uma pessoa interessante, dava muito trabalho. Eu queria mesmo um espaço sossegado e obscuro pra viver a minha solidão. Por outro lado, de porre, eu abria o berreiro, pirava, queria tudo e não conseguia nada. Um tipo de comportamento não se casava com o outro. Pouco me importava.
Bukowski.
Bukowski.
9.1.09
8.1.09
Vanitas Vanitatum
E a chuva me convidou a entrar na igreja. Faltavam duas esquinas para a minha casa, mas não pude prosseguir. Então aceitei o convite e fiquei, antes do biombo, sem conseguir entrar, olhando pro teto onde pela primeira vez li vanitas vanitatum, vaidade das vaidades. E eu, que entrei ali cheia de minhas vaidades, tentei me desfazer de algumas. Sentei e rezei por mim, por minha alma, pela alma de todos.
14.11.2002
14.11.2002
7.1.09
21.12.08
DA SOLIDÃO
Depois disto Zaratustra tornou para a montanha e para a solidão de sua caverna, apartando-se dos homens. E esperou, como o semeador que lançou a sua semente; mas a alma, se lhe encheu de impaciência e desejo do que amava. (...)
Eu sigo novas sendas e encontro uma linguagem nova; à semelhança de todos os criadores, cansei-me das línguas antigas. O meu espírito já não quer correr com solas gastas. Toda a linguagem me torna moroso. Salto para o teu carro, tempestade! E a ti também quero fustigar com a minha malícia!
O meu impaciente amor transborda em torrentes, precipitando-se desde o oriente até o ocaso. Até minha alma se agita nos vales, abandonando os montes silenciosos e as tempestades da dor.
Demasiado tempo sofri e estive em perspectiva. Demasiado tempo me possuiu a solidão. Agora esqueci o silêncio. Todo eu me tornei qual boca e murmúrio de um rio que salta de elevadas penhas: quero precipitar as minhas palavras nos vales. Corre o rio do meu amor para o insuperável! Como não encontraria um rio enfim o caminho do mar? Sem dúvida há um lago em mim, um lago solitário que se basta a si mesmo; mas o meu rio de amor arrasta-o consigo para o mar.
Demasiado tempo sofri e estive em perspectiva. Demasiado tempo me possuiu a solidão. Agora esqueci o silêncio. Todo eu me tornei qual boca e murmúrio de um rio que salta de elevadas penhas: quero precipitar as minhas palavras nos vales. Corre o rio do meu amor para o insuperável! Como não encontraria um rio enfim o caminho do mar? Sem dúvida há um lago em mim, um lago solitário que se basta a si mesmo; mas o meu rio de amor arrasta-o consigo para o mar.
Eu sigo novas sendas e encontro uma linguagem nova; à semelhança de todos os criadores, cansei-me das línguas antigas. O meu espírito já não quer correr com solas gastas. Toda a linguagem me torna moroso. Salto para o teu carro, tempestade! E a ti também quero fustigar com a minha malícia!
Assim falava Zaratustra.
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche
12.12.08
DESERTO
Aprendi a ler aos quatro anos. Devorei todos os livros da casa e da família até os 10, mais ou menos. Depois comecei a freqüentar a biblioteca pública no centro da cidade. Eu devia ter uns 13 anos quando me disseram que a biblioteca ia fechar para reforma e reformulação do registro de livros. Me ofereci como voluntária, não queria me afastar daquele lugar. Acho que me aceitaram por costume de já me terem por perto. Não sei se ajudei muito, mas manusear livros que, do contrário, eu nunca tocaria, me fez muito bem.
Um desses livros-descoberta foi um conto do Balzac, até então desconhecido pra mim, Uma paixão no deserto, que conta uma história de amor entre um homem e uma onça. Nunca esqueci das palavras finais que eram mais ou menos essas:
"Eles terminaram como todas as grandes paixões terminam - por um mal entendido. Por algum razão um suspeita da traição do outro; não se chega a uma explicação por orgulho, e parte-se para uma disputa obstinada."
"Ainda que às vezes uma única palavra ou um olhar seja o bastante."
Ultimamente tenho me sentido burra e tenho lido muito mal e pouco, com a diferença, em relação aos totalmente ignorantes, que eu sei o que perco.
Um desses livros-descoberta foi um conto do Balzac, até então desconhecido pra mim, Uma paixão no deserto, que conta uma história de amor entre um homem e uma onça. Nunca esqueci das palavras finais que eram mais ou menos essas:
"Eles terminaram como todas as grandes paixões terminam - por um mal entendido. Por algum razão um suspeita da traição do outro; não se chega a uma explicação por orgulho, e parte-se para uma disputa obstinada."
"Ainda que às vezes uma única palavra ou um olhar seja o bastante."
Ultimamente tenho me sentido burra e tenho lido muito mal e pouco, com a diferença, em relação aos totalmente ignorantes, que eu sei o que perco.
10.12.08
CORRESPONDÊNCIA
"Tenho certeza que você ia me mandar ir à merda ou qualquer coisa assim, mas preciso que alguém me mande à merda. E só você consegue fazer isso com propriedade."
BRING BACK THE GREEK GODS
Mere mortals had a better life when more than one ruler presided from on high.
By Mary Lefkowitz
October 23, 2007
By Mary Lefkowitz
October 23, 2007
Prominent secular and atheist commentators have argued lately that religion "poisons" human life and causes endless violence and suffering. But the poison isn't religion; it's monotheism. The polytheistic Greeks didn't advocate killing those who worshiped different gods, and they did not pretend that their religion provided the right answers. Their religion made the ancient Greeks aware of their ignorance and weakness, letting them recognize multiple points of view.
There is much we still can learn from these ancient notions of divinity, even if we can agree that the practices of animal sacrifice, deification of leaders and divining the future through animal entrails and bird flights are well lost.
My Hindu students could always see something many scholars miss: The Greek gods weren't mere representations of forces in nature but independent beings with transcendent powers who controlled the world and everything in it. Some of the gods were strictly local, such as the deities of rivers and forests. Others were universal, such as Zeus, his siblings and his children.
Zeus did not communicate directly with humankind. But his children -- Athena, Apollo and Dionysus -- played active roles in human life. Athena was the closest to Zeus of all the gods; without her aid, none of the great heroes could accomplish anything extraordinary. Apollo could tell mortals what the future had in store for them. Dionysus could alter human perception to make people see what's not really there. He was worshiped in antiquity as the god of the theater and of wine. Today, he would be the god of psychology.
Zeus, the ruler of the gods, retained his power by using his intelligence along with superior force. Unlike his father (whom he deposed), he did not keep all the power for himself but granted rights and privileges to other gods. He was not an autocratic ruler but listened to, and was often persuaded by, the other gods.
Openness to discussion and inquiry is a distinguishing feature of Greek theology. It suggests that collective decisions often lead to a better outcome. Respect for a diversity of viewpoints informs the cooperative system of government the Athenians called democracy.
Unlike the monotheistic traditions, Greco-Roman polytheism was multicultural. The Greeks and Romans did not share the narrow view of the ancient Hebrews that a divinity could only be masculine. Like many other ancient peoples in the eastern Mediterranean, the Greeks recognized female divinities, and they attributed to goddesses almost all of the powers held by the male gods.
The world, as the Greek philosopher Thales wrote, is full of gods, and all deserve respect and honor. Such a generous understanding of the nature of divinity allowed the ancient Greeks and Romans to accept and respect other people's gods and to admire (rather than despise) other nations for their own notions of piety. If the Greeks were in close contact with a particular nation, they gave the foreign gods names of their own gods: the Egyptian goddess Isis was Demeter, Horus was Apollo, and so on. Thus they incorporated other people's gods into their pantheon.
What they did not approve of was atheism, by which they meant refusal to believe in the existence of any gods at all. One reason many Athenians resented Socrates was that he claimed a divinity spoke with him privately, but he could not name it. Similarly, when Christians denied the existence of any gods other than their own, the Romans suspected political or seditious motives and persecuted them as enemies of the state.
The existence of many different gods also offers a more plausible account than monotheism of the presence of evil and confusion in the world. A mortal may have had the support of one god but incur the enmity of another, who could attack when the patron god was away. The goddess Hera hated the hero Heracles and sent the goddess Madness to make him kill his wife and children. Heracles' father, Zeus, did nothing to stop her, although he did in the end make Heracles immortal.
But in the monotheistic traditions, in which God is omnipresent and always good, mortals must take the blame for whatever goes wrong, even though God permits evil to exist in the world he created. In the Old Testament, God takes away Job's family and his wealth but restores him to prosperity after Job acknowledges God's power.
The god of the Hebrews created the Earth for the benefit of humankind. But as the Greeks saw it, the gods made life hard for humans, didn't seek to improve the human condition and allowed people to suffer and die. As a palliative, the gods could offer only to see that great achievement was memorialized. There was no hope of redemption, no promise of a happy life or rewards after death. If things did go wrong, as they inevitably did, humans had to seek comfort not from the gods but from other humans.
The separation between humankind and the gods made it possible for humans to complain to the gods without the guilt or fear of reprisal the deity of the Old Testament inspired. Mortals were free to speculate about the character and intentions of the gods. By allowing mortals to ask hard questions, Greek theology encouraged them to learn, to seek all the possible causes of events. Philosophy -- that characteristically Greek invention -- had its roots in such theological inquiry. As did science.
Paradoxically, the main advantage of ancient Greek religion lies in this ability to recognize and accept human fallibility. Mortals cannot suppose that they have all the answers. The people most likely to know what to do are prophets directly inspired by a god. Yet prophets inevitably meet resistance, because people hear only what they wish to hear, whether or not it is true. Mortals are particularly prone to error at the moments when they think they know what they are doing. The gods are fully aware of this human weakness. If they choose to communicate with mortals, they tend to do so only indirectly, by signs and portents, which mortals often misinterpret.
Ancient Greek religion gives an account of the world that in many respects is more plausible than that offered by the monotheistic traditions. Greek theology openly discourages blind confidence based on unrealistic hopes that everything will work out in the end. Such healthy skepticism about human intelligence and achievements has never been needed more than it is today.
Mary Lefkowitz is professor emerita at Wellesley College and the author of "Greek Gods, Human Lives" and the forthcoming "History Lesson."
There is much we still can learn from these ancient notions of divinity, even if we can agree that the practices of animal sacrifice, deification of leaders and divining the future through animal entrails and bird flights are well lost.
My Hindu students could always see something many scholars miss: The Greek gods weren't mere representations of forces in nature but independent beings with transcendent powers who controlled the world and everything in it. Some of the gods were strictly local, such as the deities of rivers and forests. Others were universal, such as Zeus, his siblings and his children.
Zeus did not communicate directly with humankind. But his children -- Athena, Apollo and Dionysus -- played active roles in human life. Athena was the closest to Zeus of all the gods; without her aid, none of the great heroes could accomplish anything extraordinary. Apollo could tell mortals what the future had in store for them. Dionysus could alter human perception to make people see what's not really there. He was worshiped in antiquity as the god of the theater and of wine. Today, he would be the god of psychology.
Zeus, the ruler of the gods, retained his power by using his intelligence along with superior force. Unlike his father (whom he deposed), he did not keep all the power for himself but granted rights and privileges to other gods. He was not an autocratic ruler but listened to, and was often persuaded by, the other gods.
Openness to discussion and inquiry is a distinguishing feature of Greek theology. It suggests that collective decisions often lead to a better outcome. Respect for a diversity of viewpoints informs the cooperative system of government the Athenians called democracy.
Unlike the monotheistic traditions, Greco-Roman polytheism was multicultural. The Greeks and Romans did not share the narrow view of the ancient Hebrews that a divinity could only be masculine. Like many other ancient peoples in the eastern Mediterranean, the Greeks recognized female divinities, and they attributed to goddesses almost all of the powers held by the male gods.
The world, as the Greek philosopher Thales wrote, is full of gods, and all deserve respect and honor. Such a generous understanding of the nature of divinity allowed the ancient Greeks and Romans to accept and respect other people's gods and to admire (rather than despise) other nations for their own notions of piety. If the Greeks were in close contact with a particular nation, they gave the foreign gods names of their own gods: the Egyptian goddess Isis was Demeter, Horus was Apollo, and so on. Thus they incorporated other people's gods into their pantheon.
What they did not approve of was atheism, by which they meant refusal to believe in the existence of any gods at all. One reason many Athenians resented Socrates was that he claimed a divinity spoke with him privately, but he could not name it. Similarly, when Christians denied the existence of any gods other than their own, the Romans suspected political or seditious motives and persecuted them as enemies of the state.
The existence of many different gods also offers a more plausible account than monotheism of the presence of evil and confusion in the world. A mortal may have had the support of one god but incur the enmity of another, who could attack when the patron god was away. The goddess Hera hated the hero Heracles and sent the goddess Madness to make him kill his wife and children. Heracles' father, Zeus, did nothing to stop her, although he did in the end make Heracles immortal.
But in the monotheistic traditions, in which God is omnipresent and always good, mortals must take the blame for whatever goes wrong, even though God permits evil to exist in the world he created. In the Old Testament, God takes away Job's family and his wealth but restores him to prosperity after Job acknowledges God's power.
The god of the Hebrews created the Earth for the benefit of humankind. But as the Greeks saw it, the gods made life hard for humans, didn't seek to improve the human condition and allowed people to suffer and die. As a palliative, the gods could offer only to see that great achievement was memorialized. There was no hope of redemption, no promise of a happy life or rewards after death. If things did go wrong, as they inevitably did, humans had to seek comfort not from the gods but from other humans.
The separation between humankind and the gods made it possible for humans to complain to the gods without the guilt or fear of reprisal the deity of the Old Testament inspired. Mortals were free to speculate about the character and intentions of the gods. By allowing mortals to ask hard questions, Greek theology encouraged them to learn, to seek all the possible causes of events. Philosophy -- that characteristically Greek invention -- had its roots in such theological inquiry. As did science.
Paradoxically, the main advantage of ancient Greek religion lies in this ability to recognize and accept human fallibility. Mortals cannot suppose that they have all the answers. The people most likely to know what to do are prophets directly inspired by a god. Yet prophets inevitably meet resistance, because people hear only what they wish to hear, whether or not it is true. Mortals are particularly prone to error at the moments when they think they know what they are doing. The gods are fully aware of this human weakness. If they choose to communicate with mortals, they tend to do so only indirectly, by signs and portents, which mortals often misinterpret.
Ancient Greek religion gives an account of the world that in many respects is more plausible than that offered by the monotheistic traditions. Greek theology openly discourages blind confidence based on unrealistic hopes that everything will work out in the end. Such healthy skepticism about human intelligence and achievements has never been needed more than it is today.
Mary Lefkowitz is professor emerita at Wellesley College and the author of "Greek Gods, Human Lives" and the forthcoming "History Lesson."
9.12.08
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